{"id":59,"date":"2020-05-22T15:50:44","date_gmt":"2020-05-22T15:50:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meghnaunni.com\/schoolnotes\/?p=59"},"modified":"2020-05-22T15:50:44","modified_gmt":"2020-05-22T15:50:44","slug":"class-10-cbse-science-biology-lesson-6-life-processes-part-3-respiration","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meghnaunni.com\/schoolnotes\/2020\/05\/class-10-cbse-science-biology-lesson-6-life-processes-part-3-respiration\/","title":{"rendered":"Class 10 CBSE Science : Biology Lesson 6 | Life Processes Part 3 \u2013 Respiration"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">1. Why do we need food ? What impact of it is seen in the body?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Ans<\/strong>: Ingestion of food during nutrition process proves beneficial when it is broken down completely to produce energy. This energy is used for the various life processes of the body.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">2. Explain the generation of energy in our body.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Ans:<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">The first step is the break down of glucose, a six-carbon molecule into a 3-carbon molecule called pyruvate. This process takes place in the cytoplasm.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Later, the pyruvate may be converted to ethanol and carbon dioxide and energy in anaerobic respiration (absence of oxygen).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Or the pyruvate is broken down using oxygen in the mitochondria (aerobic respiration)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">This process breaks down the three carbon molecule pyruvate into 3 molecules of carbon dioxide and water (aerobic respiration) and energy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Sometimes because of the lack of oxygen in our muscle cells, another pathway for generating energy (by breaking down pyruvate) is taken. The pyruvate is converted to lactic acid which is a 3 carbon molecule.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">These are the various pathways to break down glucose.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-60\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meghnaunni.com\/schoolnotes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/breakdown-of-glucose.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"631\" height=\"221\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meghnaunni.com\/schoolnotes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/breakdown-of-glucose.jpg 631w, https:\/\/www.meghnaunni.com\/schoolnotes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/breakdown-of-glucose-300x105.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 631px) 100vw, 631px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">3. Why do we get cramps?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Ans<\/strong>: Sometimes, when we run or exercise, there might arise a lack of oxygen in our muscle cells. In the lack of oxygen, the cells convert pyruvate into lactic acid and energy. This accumulation of lactic acid causes cramps in our muscles.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">4. How is energy absorbed in the body at the cellular level?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Ans<\/strong>: <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">The energy generated in the body is immediately used to synthesize a molecule of ATP <\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">(<\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Adenosine <\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">T<\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">riphosphate<\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">) which fuels all the energy needs of the cells.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Then the ATP molecule is broken down into a fixed amount of energy which drives all the endothermic reactions of the cell.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">5. How is an ATP molecule made?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Ans<\/strong>: The energy released from the respiration process is used to make an ATP molecule from ADP (<\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Adenosine diphosphate<\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">) <\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">and inorganic phosphate.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-61\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meghnaunni.com\/schoolnotes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/atp-molecule.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"428\" height=\"55\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meghnaunni.com\/schoolnotes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/atp-molecule.jpg 428w, https:\/\/www.meghnaunni.com\/schoolnotes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/atp-molecule-300x39.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 428px) 100vw, 428px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">This ATP molecule is then used to drive all endothermic reactions in the cells.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">6. What happens when the terminal phosphate linkage is broken using water in an ATP?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Ans<\/strong>: <\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Energy equivalent to 30.5 KJ \/ molecule is released.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">7. What are the uses of ATP ?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Ans<\/strong>:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Contraction of muscles<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Protein Synthesis<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Conduction of nervous impulses<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">8. What is respiration substrate?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Ans<\/strong>: The substance used to derive energy is called respiration substrate.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Eg: Carbohydrates, Vitamins<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">9. State the equation for break down of glucose.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Ans:<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">C<\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\">6 <\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">H<\/span><span style=\"font-size: xx-small;\">12<\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> O<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: xx-small;\">6 <\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">+ 6 O<\/span><span style=\"font-size: xx-small;\">2 <\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> &gt; <\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">6 CO<\/span><span style=\"font-size: xx-small;\">2 <\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">+ 6 H<\/span><span style=\"font-size: xx-small;\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">O + 38 ATP<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Glucose + Oxygen <\/span> <span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> &gt; <\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">10. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">What are the main events happening in a plant in terms of gaseous exchange?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Ans<\/strong> : During night : No photosynthesis &#8212;&#8211;&gt; Major Event : <\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">CO<\/span><span style=\"font-size: xx-small;\">2 <\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Elimination<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">During Day : Photosynthesis occurs &#8212;&gt; Major Event : Oxygen release<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">11. What are the characteristics of a respiratory surface?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Ans:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Permeable to gases<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Thin layer ( 1mm or less)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Richly supplied with blood vessels \/ body fluids<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Allows maximum intake of oxygen at a time<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">12. Why is breathing of aquatic organisms more faster than terrestrial organisms?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Ans<\/strong>: Amount of dissolved oxygen available is comparatively lower than the atmospheric oxygen. Thus, aquatic organisms such as fish breathe fast to take up more oxygen.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">13. How is exchange of gases takes place in terrestrial organisms?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Ans<\/strong>:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Oxygen is taken in by different organs in different organisms.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">The organ has a structure which increases the surface area in contact with the oxygen rich atmosphere.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">This surface is very fine and delicate<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">In order to protect this layer, it is placed inside the body and there are passages which take the air to and from.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">14. How is respiratory system in humans arranged?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Ans<\/strong>: <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Air enters through the nostrils, it\u2019s filtered by fine hairs and mucus in the nostrils.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Air goes into throat and into the lungs. Throat has rings of cartilage to ensure that air passage does not collapse.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">In the lungs, the air passage divides into smaller and smaller branches ending in balloon-like structures called alveoli.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Alveoli\u2019s wall is filled with blood vessels and network of capillaries. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">The diaphragm contracts when we breathe in and expand when we breathe out.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">15. What actually happens when we take a breath?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Ans:<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">When we breathe in, oxygen enters the air passage and the alveoli and fills it.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">The blood containing <\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">carbon dioxide<\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> flows into the alveoli <\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">for release and at the same time takes in the oxygen and is transported to the heart for systematic circulation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">As we breathe out, the carbon dioxide is released through the nostrils.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">16. How does the exchange of gases takes place so quickly? How do the lungs manage it?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Ans:<\/strong> During the breathing cycle, the lungs maintain a residual volume of air so that there is sufficient time for the exchange of oxygen and carbondioxide to take place. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">17. Why is smoking injurious to health?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Ans:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">The upper part of the respiratory tract is covered with hair-like cilia which protects the entering air from dust and chemical substances.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">When a person smokes, the smoke destroys <\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">all these cilia.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">This results in the entering of dust and harmful particles into the lungs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">This causes infection, cough and lung cancer.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">18. What are respiratory pigments and what is their use?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Ans<\/strong>: <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">In large animals, diffusion alone can\u2019t take the oxygen to all parts of the body.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">So, respiratory pigments take up the oxygen and transport it to the oxygen needy cells.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">19. What is the human respiratory pigment?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Ans :<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Hemoglobin is the pigment and has high affinity for oxygen.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Present in red blood <\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">corpuscle<\/span><span style=\"font-size: large;\">s<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Carbon dioxide is more soluble than oxygen, so it is in the dissolved form of carbon dioxide in the blood.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. Why do we need food ? What impact of it is seen in the body? Ans: Ingestion of food during nutrition process proves beneficial&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":60,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.meghnaunni.com\/schoolnotes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/breakdown-of-glucose.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meghnaunni.com\/schoolnotes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meghnaunni.com\/schoolnotes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meghnaunni.com\/schoolnotes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meghnaunni.com\/schoolnotes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meghnaunni.com\/schoolnotes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.meghnaunni.com\/schoolnotes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":62,"href":"https:\/\/www.meghnaunni.com\/schoolnotes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59\/revisions\/62"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meghnaunni.com\/schoolnotes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/60"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meghnaunni.com\/schoolnotes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meghnaunni.com\/schoolnotes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meghnaunni.com\/schoolnotes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}